A Data Center as a Scientific and Reference Information Storage Facility

Abstract

The article examines certain aspects of creating a specialized information storage facility taking into account modern trends and approaches to building storage systems and data processing and also the experience gained by the Computing Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Particular attention is given to new approaches in ensuring the efficiency of systems throughout their entire life cycle.

Key words: scientific data, storage, processing center, information resource, trusted system, life cycle, IT infrastructure, semantic analysis.

Cloud Computing as a Method of the Effective Organization of Computing Resources in a Scientific Data Processing Center

The article examines issues of the effective organization of computing resources in a scientific data processing center with the use of cloud computing technologies, in particular, the “infrastructure as a service” paradigm. The article also discusses technological approaches that, with a limited budget, can be used to build solutions with the characteristics of corporate-level systems.

Key words: cloud computing, virtualization, OpenStack, ZFS, Infiniband.

Use of Cloud Infrastructure to Analyse MicroRNA Sequencing Data

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) produces a significant amount of information on the genome or transcriptome of a specific organism, however further processing of this data is not always trivial.

Here we attempted to realize the base algorithm, which uses existing publicly accessible programs and scripts developed by us to process microRNA sequencing data for different organisms.

As an environment to process the data we used the Galaxy platform, which was installed on the virtual cluster under Torque with the Maui job scheduler on the OpenStack cloud.

Key words: microRNA, NGS, Galaxy platform, web tool

Intelligemt System of Thematic Study of Scientific and Technical Information (ISTINA)

This paper gives a description of the Intelligent System of the Thematic Study of Scientific and Technical Information. The aim of the system is to gather, record, classify, store, analyze and provide on a request some basis information describing the results of activity of scientific and educational organizations. It presents a description of the functional capabilities of the system, including the automation of data capture, the display of data in open access, the automatic formation of report materials and statistical and thematic analysis. The paper reviews issues of the use of ontologies to record the specifics of various faculties. It also gives a brief description of the results of implementing the system at Lomonosov Moscow State University involving more than 6800 employees from 750 divisions.

Key words: scientific information, information analysis, publication, unstructured data, automatic data collection, bibliographic links, display of data in open access, Web of Science, information on publications, number of article citations

Multi-Agent Technologies of the Distributed Control of the Grouping of Small Space Earth Remote Sensing Devices

The approach for distributed real-time control of the grouping of small satellites for Earth remote sensing is presented. Intelligent system based on multi-agent technologies and ontologies using the method of coordinated interaction of mobile agents, in which the tasks and roles of each satellite in the grouping can be changed adaptively according to the current situation, was developed to investigate the methods of collective control of mobile objects in the grouping. To describe the knowledge used by the agents to solve the tasks, ontological approach is used. Results of experimental research of models of group operations of small satellites are presented to demonstrate the advantages of the developed approach.

Key words:

Multi-agent technologies, small satellites grouping, intelligent system for satellite grouping control, distributed control, satellites interaction.

User Training for Techniques and Strategies of Information Retrieval through the Use of Differential Features of Information and Retrieval Systems

Under existing conditions of the society information resources are becoming more available to a wide range of users. The number of information systems providing access to these resources has considerably increased as well. At the same time the level of information search competency remains relatively low. A technique of teaching information search skills has been worked out by the author. It is based on the application of differential features of information and retrieval systems (IR systems). The article presents a range of values of features for IR systems of various types. All steps of the information search – from the query analysis to the query result – are examined and illustrated by examples. Due to the absence of a special course ‘Foundations of Information Culture’ in many schools and higher educational institutions, the author proposes to introduce a cross-cutting topic ‘Technology of the Information Search’ into the university course ‘Information Systems’.

Key words: Information retrieval, information retrieval systems, differential features, information queries.

Semantic Methods of Structuring Mathematical Content Providing Enhanced Search Functionality

The article presents the technologies of the Semantic Web enabling services with enhanced search functionality to be implemented in electronic scientific collections. There is a special section on mathematical electronic information resources and the specifics of presenting mathematical texts. The article describes the methods of the shared use of electronic collections with a discriminate organization defined by the particular features of using mathematical notation in electronic publications. The article proposes a model of integration of mathematical electronic collections and a set of methods to automatically convert electronic publications using data converter systems, a data schema grouping and also the stylistic entry of data from different collections into one presentation. The article describes the methods of the automatic selection of identifying metadata from scientific publications and the system of generating administrative metadata.

Key words: information society, information and communication technologies, information resources, technologies of the Semantic Web, electronic scientific collections, enhanced search functionality, identifying and administrative metadata, mathematical notation in electronic publications, linked data.

The Use of Open Data in Scientific Research

Abstract

The article gives definitions of open and linked data. The author refers to the history and background of the development of open data approach and its use and application in scientific research. In order to technically implement the idea of open data the article examines Linked Open Data concept used to publish sets of linked open data.

Keywords: Open Data, Open Science, Open Government Data, Open Science Data, Linked Open Data, Semantic Web, LOD-cloud, Linked Data, RDF.

On the Problem of Developing the Information and Communications Infrastructure of the Research Center

Abstract

The article examines the development of the information, computer and telecommunications infrastructure of a research center. It discusses the condition of the infrastructure of certain Russian research centers and strategies for implementing new technologes taking the use of new software and hardware solutions at the RAS Research Center in Chernogolovka as an example.

Key words: information development, scientific research center, information and communication technologies, distributed collaboration systems, software and hardware infrastructure.

About Scientific Activity of Natural Research Organizations in Russia and Abroad

The quantitative analysis of publications of various natural research organization of the same country is done for the direct comparison of their scientific efficiency. The proposed method of publication activity estimations may answer several questions of the day not only for Russia, for example “Is all science being made in Universities? Who is the face of the Russian science?”

Keywords: scientometrics, publications analysis.

Information system for quality review of graduate qualification works

A necessary requirement of high quality higher professional education is self-sufficiency of graduate qualification works of students. Currently between one half and one third of all these works bear clear signs of plagiary in Russia. The article proposes to create an information system on the basis of existing ‘Contextum’, ‘Antiplagiary’ and ‘Exactus Expert’ technologies, which would provide free access to interested experts to texts of graduate qualification works, as well as ensure an automated check of these texts on the basis of formal indicators.

Key words: graduate qualification work, plagiary, text borrowing, Exactus Expert, Antiplagiary system, Contextum information technology.